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Ebenezer Malcalm

University College of Management Studies

60 publications · 194 citations · ORCID 0000-0001-6442-5188

Environmental Sustainability in BusinessJob Satisfaction and Organizational BehaviorOnline Learning and AnalyticsOnline and Blended LearningInnovation and Socioeconomic Development

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How does the longitudinal trajectory of maternal stress and resilience during pregnancy specifically mediate the association between social determinants of health (e.g., socioeconomic status, structural inequality) and infant cognitive or emotional development outcomes?

Why this gap exists: While the retrieved literature confirms associations between socioeconomic disadvantage, maternal stress, and infant neurodevelopment, it does not resolve the specific question of how longitudinal trajectories of maternal stress and resilience mediate these associations, as the studies focus on broad correlations or static measures rather than dynamic mediation pathways.

What is the comparative efficacy of digital or telehealth lactation support versus traditional face-to-face peer support on breastfeeding exclusivity rates during pandemic-related social restrictions?

Why this gap exists: While Abstract [3] confirms the general effectiveness of digital health interventions on breastfeeding practices and Abstract [0] notes the cancellation of face-to-face peer support during the pandemic, the retrieved evidence does not contain a direct comparative study between digital/telehealth lactation support and traditional face-to-face peer support specifically regarding exclusivity rates during social restrictions.

To what extent do changes in the maternal microbiota (gut, oral, or vaginal) during pregnancy mediate the relationship between maternal perinatal anxiety/depression and the neurodevelopmental outcomes of the offspring?

Why this gap exists: While recent studies confirm associations between maternal mental health and microbiota composition (Abstract 5, 8) and suggest the microbiome-gut-brain axis influences neurodevelopment (Abstract 0, 2), the retrieved evidence does not contain studies that directly test the mediating role of maternal microbiota changes between perinatal anxiety/depression and offspring neurodevelopmental outcomes.

What is the comparative efficacy of digital versus in-person delivery of mental health interventions for mitigating the increased risk of perinatal depression and anxiety in low-income and middle-income countries during future pandemic-like disruptions?

Why this gap exists: While abstracts [6] and [8] compare digital and in-person delivery during the pandemic, they are set in high-income contexts (Spain, unspecified high-income), and abstract [7] focuses on LMICs but lacks a comparative digital vs. in-person design, leaving the specific question of comparative efficacy in LMICs unresolved.

Sources

  1. Mobile Health for Perinatal Depression and Anxiety: Scoping ReviewJournal of Medical Internet Research, 2020
  2. Effects of COVID-19 on College Students’ Mental Health in the United States: Interview Survey StudyJournal of Medical Internet Research, 2020
  3. A Preventive Social Media Intervention for Perinatal Depression and Anxiety in Regional, Rural, and Remote Communities: Participatory Co-Design Study.Journal of medical Internet research, 2026
  4. Risk-Stratified Screening for Perinatal Depression and Anxiety: Integrating Sexual Function, Self-Esteem, and Psychosocial Context.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2026
  5. A Brief Intervention for the Treatment of Anxiety in Pregnancy: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (The TAP Study).Psychotherapy and psychosomatics, 2026
  6. Barriers to and Facilitators of User Engagement With Digital Mental Health Interventions: Systematic ReviewJournal of Medical Internet Research, 2021
  7. Engagement, efficacy, and experiences of psychotherapy for perinatal populations with depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in psychiatry, 2025
  8. Integration of stepped care for perinatal mood and anxiety disorders among women attending maternal and child health clinics in Kenya: Protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial.PloS one, 2026
  9. Internet-based interdisciplinary therapeutic group (Grupo Interdisciplinar Online, GIO) for perinatal anxiety and depression-a randomized pilot study during COVID-19.Archives of women's mental health, 2024
  10. Detecting anxiety and depression in dialogues: a multi-label and explainable approachde Arriba-Pérez, F., García-Méndez, S. (2024). Detecting anxiety and depression in dialogues: a multi-label and explainable approach. In Proceedings of the 3rd AIxIA Workshop on Artificial Intelligence For Healthcare (pp. 257-271), 2024
  11. Community Interventions for Addressing Postpartum Depression Across the United States: A Narrative Review.Cureus, 2026
  12. Perspectives and support needs for a spouse-inclusive digital intervention for perinatal depression and anxiety: a qualitative study.Women's health nursing (Seoul, Korea), 2026
  13. How effective are cognitive behavior therapies for major depression and anxiety disorders? A meta‐analytic update of the evidenceWorld Psychiatry, 2016
  14. Association between maternal and neonatal outcomes and psychosocial risk levels in pregnant women: a convergent parallel mixed methods study protocol.Reproductive health, 2026
  15. Detecting anxiety and depression in dialogues: a multi-label and explainable approachde Arriba-Pérez, F., García-Méndez, S. (2024). Detecting anxiety and depression in dialogues: a multi-label and explainable approach. In Proceedings of the 3rd AIxIA Workshop on Artificial Intelligence For Healthcare (pp. 257-271), 2024
  16. Multitask learning for recognizing stress and depression in social mediaOnline Social Networks and Media (Volumes: 37-38, September 2023), 2023
  17. Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia Versus Sleep Hygiene Education for Prevention of Perinatal Depression: Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial.JMIR research protocols, 2026

How does the aggressive marketing of breastmilk substitutes in low-income countries specifically modify the effectiveness of workplace breastfeeding interventions on exclusive breastfeeding rates?

Why this gap exists: While the retrieved literature addresses workplace barriers [7] and the negative impact of breastmilk substitute marketing [2, 9] separately, no study directly investigates the interaction effect or modification of workplace intervention effectiveness by aggressive marketing in low-income countries.

To what extent does maternal access to improved water and sanitation facilities mediate the relationship between maternal undernutrition and child developmental outcomes during the first 1,000 days?

Why this gap exists: While the retrieved papers confirm the individual importance of WASH access for child nutrition [0], maternal undernutrition for child development [5, 8], and the critical nature of the first 1,000 days [5], none of the provided abstracts directly analyze the specific mediating role of water and sanitation facilities in the relationship between maternal undernutrition and child developmental outcomes.

Sources

  1. Household water, sanitation, and hygiene access and its impact on nutritional outcomes in children under five: evidence from Pakistan.BMC public health, 2026
  2. Early childhood development and stunting: Findings from the MAL‐ED birth cohort study in BangladeshMaternal and Child Nutrition, 2019
  3. Policy and Structural Drivers of Malnutrition in Afghan Women: Evidence and Interventions.International journal of women's health, 2026
  4. COVID-19 pandemic and mitigation strategies: implications for maternal and child health and nutritionAmerican Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2020
  5. Maternal and child undernutrition 3: what works? Interventions for maternal and child undernutrition and survivalChild: Care, Health and Development, 2008
  6. Nutrition as the Foundation of Human Capital: Pathways to Holistic Development.Maternal & child nutrition, 2026
  7. The impacts of maternal iron deficiency and being overweight during pregnancy on neurodevelopment of the offspring.The British journal of nutrition, 2017
  8. Early estimates of the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and child mortality in low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling studyThe Lancet Global Health, 2020
  9. Prevalence of undernutrition and its associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care service in public hospitals in Mogadishu, Somalia.PloS one, 2026
  10. Concurrent wasting and stunting among under‐five children in Niakhar, SenegalMaternal & Child Nutrition, 2018

Publications