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Silas Wintuma Avicor

Busoga University

60 publications · 459 citations · ORCID 0000-0002-5806-6892

Insect Pest Control StrategiesCocoa and Sweet Potato AgronomyMosquito-borne diseases and controlInsect Resistance and GeneticsMalaria Research and Control

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Silas Wintuma Avicor is an agricultural entomologist and ecologist specializing in integrated pest management (IPM), insecticide resistance, and crop protection in Ghana. Avicor's research spans the molecular analysis of detoxification enzymes in disease vectors to the ecological management of insect pests in cocoa, shea, and maize systems. The work emphasizes the impact of pesticides on non-target organisms, the evaluation of botanical alternatives, and the genetic diversity of both crops and insect populations.

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What is the comparative efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the one-step 75g OGTT versus the two-step (50g GCT followed by 100g OGTT) diagnostic approach in preventing adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes?

Why this gap exists: While Abstract [7] compares diagnostic criteria and Abstract [4] compares 75g and 100g OGTTs, the retrieved evidence lacks direct, comparative studies on the cost-effectiveness and relative efficacy of the one-step versus two-step *approaches* in preventing adverse outcomes, leaving the specific question unresolved.

Sources

  1. Glucose Intolerance after a Recent History of Gestational Diabetes Based on the 2013 WHO Criteria — PLoS ONE, 2016
  2. A Multicenter, Randomized Trial of Treatment for Mild Gestational Diabetes — New England Journal of Medicine, 2009
  3. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2013 — Diabetes Care, 2012
  4. An Update on Screening Strategies for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review — Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity, 2021
  5. Comparison between 75-g and 100-g oral glucose tolerance tests using international association of diabetes and pregnancy study group one-step diagnostic threshold to detect gestational diabetes mellitus — Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2025
  6. Large language models for generating longitudinal synthetic data in low-risk pregnancy care. — Data in brief, 2026
  7. Effects of physical activity and diet in pregnancy to prevent gestational diabetes: an individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis on the differential effects of interventions with economic evaluation. — Health technology assessment (Winchester, England), 2026
  8. 187-OR: Randomized Clinical Trial of the IADPSG vs. Carpenter Coustan Criteria for Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus — Diabetes, 2020
  9. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and results of the screening tests at a tertiary referral center: A cross-sectional study. — Diabetes & metabolic syndrome, 2019
  10. Gestational Diabetes in Somali Women: Neglected Risks for Maternal and Neonatal Health. — International journal of women's health, 2026

What is the comparative efficacy of household water treatment interventions versus improved water source infrastructure in reducing stunting among children under five in low- and middle-income countries?

Why this gap exists: While the retrieved literature confirms associations between water quality and child growth (e.g., Abstracts 2, 5, 8), no study directly compares the efficacy of household water treatment interventions against improved water source infrastructure for reducing stunting, leaving the specific comparative question unresolved.

Sources

  1. Determinants of stunting in Indonesian children: evidence from a cross-sectional survey indicate a prominent role for the water, sanitation and hygiene sector in stunting reduction — BMC Public Health, 2016
  2. Early estimates of the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and child mortality in low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling study — The Lancet Global Health, 2020
  3. Effects of water quality, sanitation, handwashing, and nutritional interventions on diarrhoea and child growth in rural Kenya: a cluster-randomised controlled trial — The Lancet Global Health, 2018
  4. Effects of Water Pollution on Human Health and Disease Heterogeneity: A Review — Frontiers in Environmental Science, 2022
  5. Associated factors with malnutrition among children under-5 years old in Somaliland: evidence from Somaliland health and demographic survey of 2020. — BMC public health, 2026
  6. Safe Drinking Water and Its Impact on Children's Growth and Development: A Systematic Review. — International journal of environmental research and public health, 2026
  7. Modelling the impact of dietary diversity on child nutrition in Pakistan: a machine learning analysis with Shapley Additive exPlanations and Boruta interpretability. — Journal of global health, 2026
  8. Effectiveness of interventions to improve drinking water, sanitation, and handwashing with soap on risk of diarrhoeal disease in children in low-income and middle-income settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis — The Lancet, 2022
  9. Effect of Household Source of Drinking Water on Malnutrition among under Five Children in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — 2026
  10. Water Bridging Dynamics of Polymerase Chain Reaction in the Gauge Theory Paradigm of Quantum Fields — Water 2017, 9, 339, 2018

What are the specific long-term treatment strategies required to mitigate the risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases in children born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus?

Why this gap exists: While the retrieved literature consistently establishes that maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases the long-term risk of cardiometabolic diseases in offspring [1][2][3], it focuses primarily on pathogenesis and risk association rather than defining specific, evidence-based long-term treatment strategies for the children to mitigate these risks.

Sources

  1. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus — Diabetes Care, 2010
  2. A Clinical Update on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus — Endocrine Reviews, 2022
  3. Maternal Diabetes and Risk of Early-Onset Cardiovascular Diseases in Offspring. — JAMA cardiology, 2026
  4. Gestational diabetes as an inter-generational cardiometabolic risk factor: spotlight on emerging exerkines. — Cardiovascular diabetology, 2026
  5. Gestational diabetes: from pathogenesis to therapeutic intervention. — Diabetology & metabolic syndrome, 2026
  6. 2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes:<i>Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2022</i> — Diabetes Care, 2021
  7. Maternal congenital heart disease and risk of child developmental vulnerability in early school age: A population-based cohort study. — PLoS medicine, 2026
  8. Gestational Diabetes in Somali Women: Neglected Risks for Maternal and Neonatal Health. — International journal of women's health, 2026
  9. Gestational Diabetes and Obesity: Immediate and Late Sequelae for Offspring. — Children (Basel, Switzerland), 2025
  10. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Diagnostic Approaches and Maternal-Offspring Complications — Diabetes & Metabolism Journal, 2022

How do specific cultural beliefs regarding 'insufficient milk' in rural South African communities mediate the relationship between maternal dietary diversity and the introduction of prelacteal feeds?

Why this gap exists: While the retrieved papers discuss general breastfeeding barriers in South Africa [8] and cultural influences in other regions like Ethiopia [6] and Malaysia [9], none specifically address the mediation of 'insufficient milk' beliefs on the relationship between maternal dietary diversity and prelacteal feeds in rural South African communities.

Sources

  1. African Political Systems. — American Sociological Review, 1940
  2. Maternal nutrition counselling is associated with reduced stunting prevalence and improved feeding practices in early childhood: a post-program comparison study — Nutrition Journal, 2019
  3. Trends and determinants of early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding in Ethiopia from 2000 to 2016 — International Breastfeeding Journal, 2019
  4. Marketing of commercial milk formula: a system to capture parents, communities, science, and policy — The Lancet, 2023
  5. Facilitators, barriers, and factors determining the willingness to donate human milk among postpartum mothers in a tertiary women's hospital in Nepal: a cross-sectional study. — International breastfeeding journal, 2026
  6. Assessment of Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices among Mothers Attending Maternal and Child Health Clinic at a Tertiary Hospital, North Karnataka, India - A Cross-sectional Study. — Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine, 2025
  7. Sociocultural and structural influences on infant and young child feeding in pastoralist communities of Afar, Ethiopia: a qualitative phenomenological study. — BMJ open, 2026
  8. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers in East Africa: a systematic review — International Breastfeeding Journal, 2020
  9. Facilitators and barriers associated with breastfeeding among mothers attending primary healthcare facilities in Mpumalanga, South Africa. — Frontiers in nutrition, 2023
  10. Assessing the Influence of Cultural Beliefs and Practices on Early Breastfeeding Initiation Rates in Rural Sarawak Communities, Malaysia — Scientific Journal of Pediatrics, 2023

What are the comparative efficacy and adherence rates of new short-course latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) regimens versus traditional long-course therapies in high-burden, low-resource settings?

Why this gap exists: While a 2023 network meta-analysis [6] synthesizes general efficacy and adherence data for LTBI regimens, the retrieved evidence lacks direct comparative studies specifically focused on high-burden, low-resource settings, leaving the specific constraints of these environments unresolved.

Sources

  1. New developments in tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment — Breathe, 2022
  2. Latent Tuberculosis and HIV Infection — Current Infectious Disease Reports, 2020
  3. Epidemic and pandemic viral infections: impact on tuberculosis and the lung — European Respiratory Journal, 2020
  4. Overcoming barriers to patient adherence: the case for developing innovative drug delivery systems — Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 2023
  5. Drug resistant tuberculosis: Implications for transmission, diagnosis, and disease management — Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2022
  6. Updates on the Treatment of Drug-Susceptible and Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: An Official ATS/CDC/ERS/IDSA Clinical Practice Guideline — American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2024
  7. Efficacy and safety of different regimens in the treatment of patients with latent tuberculosis infection: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials — Archives of Public Health, 2023
  8. Improving Tuberculosis Medication Adherence: The Potential of Integrating Digital Technology and Health Belief Model — Tuberculosis & respiratory diseases, 2023
  9. Mind the gap – Managing tuberculosis across the disease spectrum — EBioMedicine, 2022
  10. Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment in High TB-Burden Settings: A State-of-the-Art Review — Drugs, 2024

How do specific maternal microbiota profiles (gut, oral, or vaginal) during gestation correlate with the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and subsequent long-term metabolic health in offspring?

Why this gap exists: While recent reviews [8] confirm GDM alters maternal gut microbiota and neonatal health, and older studies [0] note dysbiosis across maternal sites, the retrieved evidence lacks direct, longitudinal studies correlating specific gestational maternal microbiota profiles with the *long-term* metabolic health of offspring, leaving the core question unresolved.

Sources

  1. Dysbiosis of maternal and neonatal microbiota associated with gestational diabetes mellitus — Gut, 2018
  2. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease — Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease, 2015
  3. Temporal development of the gut microbiome in early childhood from the TEDDY study — Nature, 2018
  4. Microbiota in health and diseases — Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, 2022
  5. Maternal Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Congenital Heart Disease in Offspring: A Meta-Analysis — Hormone and Metabolic Research, 2024
  6. Perinatal phlorizin alleviates maternal high-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome in female mouse offspring and is associated with modulation of the gut microbiota. — Frontiers in nutrition, 2026
  7. Offspring long-term infectious morbidity following pregnancies with cervical cerclage. — Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 2026
  8. Interaction between microbiota and immunity in health and disease — Cell Research, 2020
  9. Gestational diabetes mellitus and maternal-infant microbiome axis: mechanistic insights and therapeutic interventions. — Journal of translational medicine, 2026
  10. Microbes in the Moonlight: How the Gut Microbiota Influences Sleep — arXiv preprint, 2025

Publications

In Silico interaction analysis of functional peptide profile of adult Musca domestica

International Journal of Tropical Insect Science · 2026

Selectivity of Insecticides Used for the Management of Cocoa Pests on Non-Target Predatory Ant Species

Agrochemicals · 2026

Effects of pesticide application on soil bacteria community structure in a cabbage-based agroecosystem in Ghana

PLoS ONE · 2025 · corresponding author · 5 citations

Antifungal Potential of Sweet Orange Essential Oil on Pathogens of Two Important Cocoa Diseases in Ghana

International Journal of Agronomy · 2025 · 1 citations

Growth habits and heritability estimates of shea hybrid populations

Ecological Genetics and Genomics · 2025

First Report of <i>Erysiphe necator</i> Causing Powdery Mildew Disease of Cashew in Ghana

New Disease Reports · 2025

Pesticidal Potential and Selectivity of Soybean Extract on Pests and Non-Target Insects of Cocoa

Crops · 2025 · corresponding author

Population genetic structure of Aedes aegypti subspecies in selected geographical locations in Sudan

Scientific Reports · 2024 · 7 citations

Mosquito Control Strategies and Insecticide Resistance of the Malaria Vector in Urbanized Land Use Types in Suame Municipality, Ghana

Journal of Tropical Medicine · 2024 · corresponding author · 3 citations

Spatial variation in cocoa insect pest populations and its implication for pest management

Forests Trees and Livelihoods · 2024 · 1 citations

Spatiotemporal Distribution and Damage Trends of <i>Pseudotheraptus devastans</i> (Dist.) on <i>Theobroma cacao</i> in Ghana

Psyche A Journal of Entomology · 2024

Farmers’ knowledge, experience and management of fall armyworm in a major maize producing municipality in Ghana

Cogent Food & Agriculture · 2023 · corresponding author · 11 citations

Farmers’ knowledge and perception of cocoa insect pests and damage and the implications for pest management on cocoa in Ghana

Journal of Plant Protection Research · 2023 · 6 citations

Contact toxicity and proximate effect of fipronil on insect pest and predatory ant community structure in cocoa agro-ecosystem

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research · 2023 · corresponding author · 5 citations

Elucidation of the Genetic Diversity within Some In Situ Shea Germplasm in Ghana

Agronomy · 2023 · 5 citations

Heritability and Genetic Advance Estimates of Key Shea Fruit Traits

Agronomy · 2023 · 3 citations

Stem borer-attributed mortality of shea trees in Northern Ghana: Infestation, tree death and associated factors

Trees Forests and People · 2023 · corresponding author · 1 citations

Assessment of the major insect pests associated with kola nuts in Ghana

Forests Trees and Livelihoods · 2023

Farmers’ knowledge, experience and management of fall armyworm in a major maize producing municipality in Ghana

Figshare · 2023

Farmers’ knowledge and practices on pollination and insecticide use in cocoa farming in Ghana

International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability · 2022 · corresponding author · 16 citations

Genetic Polymorphism and Phylogenetics of Aedes aegypti from Sudan Based on ND4 Mitochondrial Gene Variations

Insects · 2022 · 10 citations

In Vivo Glutathione S-Transferases Superfamily Proteome Analysis: An Insight into Aedes albopictus Mosquitoes upon Acute Xenobiotic Challenges

Insects · 2022 · 8 citations

Pattern of insecticide usage in organic cocoa production in Ghana

Organic Agriculture · 2022 · 8 citations

Susceptibility of Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to selected stored product insecticides in the Central region of Ghana

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research · 2022 · corresponding author · 6 citations

<i>In vitro</i> activity of soybean extract on cocoa disease pathogens (<i>Erythricium salmonicolor</i> and <i>Marasmiellus scandens</i>) and termite pest (<i>Microtermes subhyalinus</i>)

Cogent Food & Agriculture · 2022 · 4 citations

In vitro assessment of deworming potential of Guiera senegalensis in Nigerian ethnoveterinary industry using Caenorhabditis elegans

Bulletin of the National Research Centre/Bulletin of the National Research Center · 2022 · corresponding author · 3 citations

Cotton growing in West Africa.

CABI eBooks · 2022 · 1 citations

Mosquito community structure in contrasting anthropized landscapes in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana

International Journal of Tropical Insect Science · 2022 · corresponding author · 1 citations

Correction to: Mosquito community structure in contrasting anthropized landscapes in the kumasi metropolis of Ghana

International Journal of Tropical Insect Science · 2022 · corresponding author

Insect biodiversity of urban green spaces in Penang Island, Malaysia

International Journal of Tropical Insect Science · 2021 · 13 citations

<i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> s.l. causes an outbreak of anthracnose of cacao in Ghana

South African Journal of Plant and Soil · 2021 · 12 citations

Outbreak and Insecticide Susceptibility of Pod Feeding-larvae on Cocoa in Ghana

Pertanika journal of tropical agricultural science · 2021 · 5 citations

Biting rhythm and demographic attributes of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) females from different urbanized settings in Penang Island, Malaysia under uncontrolled laboratory conditions

PLoS ONE · 2020 · 30 citations

Enzymatic profile of Aedes albopictus upon continuous exposure to insecticides throughout Penang, Malaysia

International Journal of Tropical Insect Science · 2020 · 5 citations

Occurrence of mistletoes on shea trees in Northern Ghana

African Crop Science Journal · 2019 · 9 citations

Biting rhythm, fecundity and longevity rate of <i>Aedes albopictus</i> (Skuse) females from different urbanized settings in Penang Island, Malaysia under uncontrolled laboratory conditions

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · 2019 · 3 citations

Environmental health risks and benefits of the use of mosquito coils as malaria prevention and control strategy

Malaria Journal · 2018 · 50 citations

Synthesis and characterization of nitrile functionalized silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes: DNA binding, cleavage studies, antibacterial properties and mosquitocidal activity against the dengue vector, Aedes albopictus

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · 2018 · corresponding author · 49 citations

Habitat adaptation and population of nymphal and adult stages of two cocoa mirid species (Distantiella theobroma [Dist.] and Sahlbergella singularis Hagl.).

2018 · 2 citations

Genetic structure of the dengue vector Aedes albopictus (Skuse) from different developed settlements in Penang Island, Malaysia based on microsatellite markers.

PubMed · 2018

To coil or not to coil: application practices, perception and efficacy of mosquito coils in a malaria-endemic community in Ghana

Environmental Science and Pollution Research · 2017 · corresponding author · 19 citations

Dinuclear silver(I)- N -heterocyclic carbene complexes: Synthesis, characterization and larvicidal activity of bis-imidazolium dinuclear silver(I)- N -heterocyclic carbene complexes

Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry · 2017 · 15 citations

CCDC 1533811: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

The Cambridge Structural Database · 2017

CCDC 1533810: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

The Cambridge Structural Database · 2017

CCDC 1533812: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

The Cambridge Structural Database · 2017

CCDC 984717: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

The Cambridge Structural Database · 2017

Dose‐, time‐and lipophilicity‐dependent silver(I)–N‐heterocyclic carbene complexes: Synthesis, characterization and interaction with plasmid and <scp><i>Aedes albopictus</i></scp> DNA

Applied Organometallic Chemistry · 2016 · 20 citations

Xenobiotic-induced expression of detoxification genes, CYP4H28v2 and CYP4H31v2 in the dengue mosquito Aedes aegypti.

PubMed · 2016 · 5 citations

Allelic variants of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases: Constitutive and insecticide-mediated expression in a Malaysian strain of the dengue vector, Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

European Journal of Entomology · 2016 · 4 citations

Molecular cloning, sequence analysis and developmental stage expression of a putative septin gene fragment from Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae).

Acta Biochimica Polonica · 2016 · 4 citations

Identification and analysis of a processed cytochrome P450 pseudogene of the disease vector Aedes aegypti

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine · 2016 · corresponding author · 1 citations

Comparative efficacy of spatial repellents containing d-allethrin and d-trans allethrin against the major dengue vector Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus)

Asian Biomedicine · 2015 · 13 citations

Laboratory evaluation of three commercial coil products for protection efficacy against Anopheles gambiae from southern Ghana: a preliminary study.

PubMed · 2015 · 5 citations

Insecticidal Activity and Expression of Cytochrome P450 Family 4 Genes in Aedes albopictus After Exposure to Pyrethroid Mosquito Coils

The Protein Journal · 2014 · corresponding author · 27 citations

Purification and expression of glutathione S-transferase from a Malaysian population of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)

Biologia · 2014 · corresponding author · 3 citations

Insecticide susceptibility of Bemisia tabaci to Karate® and Cydim super® and its associated carboxylesterase activity

2014 · 3 citations

Insecticide Susceptibility of Bemisia tabaci to Karate ® and Cydim Super ® and its Associated Carboxylesterase Activity (Kerentanan Bemisia tabaci terhadap Racun Serangga Karate ® dan Cydim Super ® serta Kaitannya terhadap Aktiviti Karboksilesterase)

2014

D-allethrin based mosquito coils for mosquito control: knockdown and mortality effects on the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae sensu lato.

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology · 2013 · 11 citations

Pyrethroid Resistance in Anopheles gambiae, in Bomi County, Liberia, Compromises Malaria Vector Control

PLoS ONE · 2012 · 41 citations

Carboxylesterase Activity of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae): Subcellular Distribution, Temperature and pH Effects

2012 · 4 citations